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TSL570 Research Guide: Additional Online Resources

Your Guide to Finding L1 & Bilingual Resources for ESOL & Content Instruction

Government Resources in the L1

If you are teaching in the United States, U.S. government agencies can provide L1 resources on various aspects of daily life & citizenship.

Free Online Resources

You can sometimes find free bilingual ebooks and free bilingual handouts in PDF format online.

Here is a good search strategy:

  • bilingual pdf [L1] [L2]

You can also make it very specific:

  • bilingual pdf [L1] [L2]

Sample Search:

Government Sites

You can also use a good search engine to find additional government resources for L1 & bilingual materials on citizenship & consumer info:

Search Strategy: site:.gov language [your language] [what you need]

Sample Search #1: site:.gov language russian

Sample Search #2: site:.gov language russian "consumer health"